These results indicate that a better description of the so-called guilty look is that it is a response to owner cues, rather than that it shows an appreciation of a misdeed. The effect of scolding was more pronounced when the dogs were obedient, not disobedient. By contrast, more such behaviours were seen in trials when owners scolded their dogs. The members of the Glass clan are as hilarious as they are cringe-worthy, and Alexandra Borowitz’s rendering of family dysfunction is charming, insightful, and wickedly smart. The results revealed no difference in behaviours associated with the guilty look. Her family three reasonable humans, two elderly dogs and one contented cat. The behaviours of 14 domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) were videotaped over a series of trials and analyzed for elements that correspond to an owner-identified "guilty look." Trials varied the opportunity for dogs to disobey an owner's command not to eat a desirable treat while the owner was out of the room, and varied the owners' knowledge of what their dogs did in their absence. The last thing the writer and dog behavior expert Alexandra Horowitz needed in the spring of 2020 was a new puppy. In the current study, this anthropomorphism is empirically tested. One attribution commonly made to dogs is that the "guilty look" shows that dogs feel guilt at doing a disallowed action. Of interest is whether attributions of understanding and emotions to dogs are sound, or are unwarranted applications of human psychological terms to non-humans. Anthropomorphisms are regularly used by owners in describing their dogs.
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